The past participle is used in the following:
He has broken the world’s track record.
2. Past Perfect
Mary had spoken to John about the matter before I arrived.
3. Unreal past Conditional
If he had been here on time, he would have heard the news.
4. Passive
The president’s re-election was taken for granted by his constituents
5. Perfect Infinitive
I would like to have grown up on a farm.
6. Perfect Participle
Having swum ten laps in the olympic pool, he was exhausted.
7. Adjective
The stolen watch was very expensive piece of jewelry.
8. Past modal
Molly said that I should not have gone to that movie.
9. Introductory Verbal Phrase
Seen from the distance, the house appeared to be in good condition.
ERROR EXAMPLES
A. WRONG : He has sang in the choir for ten years.
RIGHT : He has sung in the choir for ten years.
B. WRONG : I saw him after he had ran for five miles.
RIGHT : I saw him after he had run for five miles.
- WRONG : The president’s large black limcusine was drived by a chauffeur.
RIGHT : The president’s large black limcusine was driven by a chauffeur.
- WRONG : Children are to be saw and not heard.
RIGHT : Children are to be seen and not heard.
- WRONG : Having heared the joke before, I did not find it funny the second time.
RIGHT : Having heard the joke before, I did not find it funny the second time.
- WRONG : The class could have began on time if the teacher had not been late.
RIGHT : The class could have begun on time if the teacher had not been late.
- WRONG : The breaked lamp was lying in little pieces on the rug.
RIGHT : The broken lamp was lying in little pieces on the rug.
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EXERCISE: Put “C” if the sentence is correct. Put “X” if there is an error with the past participle.
____1. By the the time Joan arrived, all of the food had been ate.
____2. Having stolen the money, the thief ran down the street as fast as he could.
____3. John has gave his speech when Bob was finally able to get the meeting.
____4. Wrote in 1847, the opera has never enjoyed popular succes.
____5. The professor told the class that they should have known the corner answer.
____6. Claire has not wore her new coat since she came to Florida.
____7. Betty began to cry when she realized that her new dess was torn.
____8. Never having flied before, Mark was very excited as he drove to the airport.
____9. I would like to have rang the bell earlier.
____10. If he had shown the official his passport, he would not have had any problems.
____11. She has began to look like her mother.
____12. That old horse has been riden by children for years.
____13. I wuld not have did it if he had not made me nervous.
____14. The broke chair had only three legs.
____15. He claims to have hurted his leg in the game last night.
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