MODIFIERS─DEMONSTRATIVES
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The demonstratives this and that (singular) and these and those (plural) must agree in number with the nouns they modify.
Sing. Sing.
John does not like this kind of class.
PL. PL.
What do you think of these kinds of chairs?
ERROR EXAMPLES
- WRONG : These type of potato is native to Peru.
RIGHT : This type of potato is native to Peru.
- WRONG : That kinds of women are likely to succeed in business.
RIGHT : Those kinds of women are likely to succeed in business.
- WRONG : Jane never buys these brand of canned goods.
RIGHT : Jane never buys this brand of canned goods.
EXERCISE 8 : Put “C” if the sentence is correct. Put “X” if there is an error with the demonstrative modifiers.
_____1. They did not like those kinds of imported cars
_____2. The farmers could not find any buyers for these class of wheat.
_____3. This kind of story is not suitable for young children
_____4. Those kinds of books are fascinating and helpful.
_____5. Do you think we should buy these kind of flowers from the front yard?
_____6. Mary never shops in those kind of expensive specialty shops.
_____7. He took that news badly.
_____8. Bob should not have bought these pair of shoes.
_____9. This movies are restricted to people over 17 years of age.
____10. Although Bill has owned many kinds of cars, he has never considered buying this kind before.
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9
MODIFIERS─FEW, LITTLE, MUCH, AND MANY
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- Few, Fewer, and fewest, as well as many, are followed by plural Count nouns.
Pl. CN
There are few students from Japan in our English class.
Pl. CN
This year we received fewer replies to our ad than ever before.
Pl. CN
John has the fewest chapters left to read of anyone in the class.
Pl. CN
There are many reasons to study hard for that test.
- Little, less, and least, as well as much, are followed by non-count nouns.
Ncn
He gave me a little advice about choosing a school.
Ncn
Susan has less money than I.
Ncn
He did the least amount of work of anyone in the class.
Ncn
There is not much time to finish this job completely.
NOTES :
a. In general, plural countable nouns can be recognized by the –s plural form. However, do not forget that the following words are plural: people, men, women, children, and police.
b. The following are examples of non-count nouns: fruit, homework, bread, money, furniture and time.
c. The word news looks plural, but it is a non-count noun. Example : little news is coming from that country.
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ERROR EXAMPLES
- WRONG : There are much books on the shelf.
RIGHT : There are many books on the shelf.
- WRONG : There is not many industry in that town.
RIGHT : There is not much industry in that town.
- WRONG : He had few winter clothing when he arrived.
RIGHT : He had little winter clothing when he arrived.
- WRONG : You need a little dollars to buy this book.
RIGHT : You need a few dollars to buy this book.
- WRONG : John scored the least points in the basket ball game.
RIGHT : John scored the fewest points in the basket ball game.
- WRONG : Isabelle bought less than ten items.
RIGHT : Isabelle bought fewer than ten items.
EXERCISE 9 : Put “C” if the sentence is correct. Put “X” if there is an error with many, few, much, or little.
_____1. I do not like many sugar in my coffee.
_____2. They did not put much furniture in their new office.
_____3. We did not have much knowledge about physics.
_____4. Of the four people injured in the accident, the child needed the fewest medical
attention.
_____5. John had so few news from his parents that he was worried.
_____6. I usually have little money at the end of the month.
_____7. Debby spent less time studying for the exam than robin did.
_____8. He predicted that few people would die of radiation poisoning.
_____9. Bill has the least cavities of anyone in his class.
____10. We wanted to go on vacation, but we had few money.
____11. There were so few good seats left that we decided not to buy tickets to the
____12. Nowadays much women are becoming lawyers.
____13. That party did not have much entertainment.
____14. There is not many news available on that subject.
____15. During the war our government received fewer formation about the situation in
____16. There were a little people waiting to buy tickets.
____17. He had so many homework that he could not go to the movies.
____18. Although she was rich, she wore little jewelry.
____19. There were so much campus police at the football game that there was no
____20. He did not eat many fruit in the winter.
9
MODIFIERS─CARDINAL AND ORDINAL NUMBERS
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There are two kinds of numbers, cardinal and ordinal numbers.
Examples
Cardinal Ordinal
one first
two second
three third
four fourth
five fifth
six sixth
seven seventh
ten tenth
twenty one twenty first
The following two patterns are used to designate items in a series:
- Ordinal numbers are used in this pattern : the + ordinal + noun (N)
The+ordinal+N
The first book of the series is about verbs.
- Cardinal numbers are used in this pattern:
N + Cardinal
Book one of the series is about verbs.
NOTES:
- Use the with ordinal numbers.
- Do not use the with cardinal numbers.
- Be careful to use the correct word order for each pattern.
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ERROR EXAMPLES
- WRONG : We are supposed to read the chapter seven for homework.
RIGHT : We are supposed to read chapter seven for homework.
- WRONG : Pick up your boarding passes at gate the fifth.
RIGHT : Pick up your boarding passes at gate five.
- WRONG : Terminal first on your right is Pan American.
RIGHT : The first terminal on your right is Pan American.
- WRONG : We reviewed lesson the tenth in class today.
RIGHT : We reviewed lesson ten in class today.
- WRONG : The subway stop second is Broadway.
RIGHT : The second subway stop is Broadway.
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EXERCISE 10 : Put “C” if the sentence is correct. Put “X” if there is a number error.
_____1. The first checkout stand is for cash-customers only.
_____2. The answer is in the line fifteen on page four.
_____3. Do the exercise one in your book.
_____4. Pick up your receipt at teller fourth.
_____5. The car designers modified their plans for the hundredth time.
_____6. Pick up your check at window the third.
_____7. I met him on the second day of the fall semester.
_____8. You will find the bread in aisle the first.
_____9. The well-known basketball player from Chicago made the first points of the
game.
____10. The instructions are on the six page.
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